The document was signed after the presidents met in the Kazakh capital of Astana, where Putin arrived on Wednesday for a two-day official visit.
Following the talks, Russia and Kazakhstan adopted a protocol on the resumption of a bilateral agreement on trade and economic cooperation that renews Russian oil and oil product exports to Kazakhstan.
Kazakh Energy Minister Almasadam Satkaliyev and Russian Energy Minister Sergei Tsivilev exchanged the protocols during a signing ceremony, a Sputnik correspondent reported.